|
No. 26 of 2004 |
AN ACT
TO IMPLEMENT |
THE
CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE |
IN
ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND |
FLORA
(CITES), |
WITH A
VIEW TO THE PROTECTION OF |
WILD
SPECIES FROM HARM THROUGH |
UNSUSTAINABLE
EXPLOITATION |
[Date of Assent — 31st December,
2004] |
Enacted by the Parliament of The
Bahamas. |
1.(1) This Act may be cited as the
Wildlife Conservation and Trade Act, 2004. | Short title and commencement. |
(2) This Act is deemed to have
come into force on the 31st” October, 2004. |
| Interpretation. |
“artificially propagated” means plants grown by
man from seeds, cuttings, callus tissues, spores or other propagules under
controlled conditions, as defined in Resolutions of the Conference of the
Parties; |
“bred in captivity” means offspring, including
eggs and products, born or otherwise produced in a controlled environment of
parents that mated or otherwise transmitted their gametes in a controlled
environment; |
“checks at the time of introduction, export,
re-export and transit” means verification of certificates and permits provided
for in this Act, including examination of the specimens and where appropriate,
the taking of samples for analysis or detailed scrutiny; |
“CITES” means the Convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, concluded in Washington,
D.C. on 3rd March 1973, which The Bahamas acceded to on 20th
June, 1979 and which entered into force on 18th September,
1979; |
“CITES Secretariat” means the Secretariat of CITES
referred to in Article XII of CITES; |
“Conference of the Parties” means the Conference
of the Parties as referred to in Article XI of CITES; |
“court” means the magistrate's court; |
“domestic trade” means any commercial activity,
including, but not limited to, sale, purchase and manufacture, within territory
under the jurisdiction of The Bahamas; |
“export” means that act of taking or attempting to
take any specimen out of the jurisdiction of The Bahamas; |
“import” means to land on or attempt to land on,
bring into or introduce into, any place subject to the jurisdiction of The
Bahamas any specimen of species included in the Schedules 1,2,3,4, and 5 under
any customs procedures, other than transit and transhipment; |
“international trade” means any export, re-export,
or import covered by the customs regulations and introduction from the
sea; |
“introduction from the sea” means transportation
into The Bahamas of specimens of any species which were taken from the marine
environment not under the jurisdiction of any State, including the air space
above the sea and the sea-bed and subsoil beneath the sea; |
“issuance” means the completion of all procedures
involved in preparing, validating and delivering a permit or certificate to the
applicant; |
“Management Authority” means the Department of
Agriculture designated in accordance with Article IX, paragraph 1(a) of
CITES; |
“Minister” means the Minister responsible for
matters relating to wildlife protection; |
“National Advisory Committee” means a panel
established by the Minister to advise on matters relevant to this Act; |
“offering for sale” means any action that may
reasonably be interpreted as advertising or causing to be advertised for sale
and invitations to negotiate; |
“officer” means a police officer, a defence force
officer, customs officer, an Agricultural and Fisheries officer or any person
appointed by the Minister with authorization to enforce this Act; |
“Permit, certificate or label” means an official
document used to authorize import, export, re-export, or introduction from the
sea of specimens of species included in any of the Schedules to this Act, and
for specimens of species included in Schedules 1, 2 and 3, the document must
conform with the requirements of CITES and Resolutions of the Conference of the
Parties; |
“personal or household effects” means specimens of
species that are: |
(a) personally owned or possessed
for non-commercial purposes; |
|
(c) at the time of import, export or
re-export either: |
(i) worn or carried or included in
personal baggage; or |
(ii) part of a household
move; |
“re-export” means the export of any specimen that
has previously been imported; |
“rescue centre” means a place defined in Article
VIII, paragraph 5, of CITES; |
“sale” includes offer or expose for sale, hire,
barter or exchange; |
“Scientific Authority” means the Department of
Fisheries designated in accordance with Article IX of CITES; |
“specimen” means - |
(a) any animal or plant, whether
alive or dead of a species included in Schedules 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5; |
(b) any part or derivative which
appears from an accompanying document, the packaging or a mark or label or from
any other circumstances to be a part or derivative of an animal or plant of
species included in Schedules 1, 2, and 3, unless such part or derivative is specifically
exempted from the provisions of CITES; |
“transhipment” means the transfer, either directly
or indirectly, of goods from an aircraft or vessel arriving in The Bahamas from
a foreign port. |
(2) For the purposes of the
expression “bred in captivity", the parental breeding stock must be
established in a manner not detrimental to the survival of the species in the
wild; maintained without augmentation from the wild, but additions from
wild populations may be allowed to prevent deleterious inbreeding and for other
purposes as may be determined by the Management Authority; and managed in
a manner which has been demonstrated to be capable of reliably producing
second-generation offspring in a controlled environment. |
3. The burden of proof of the
legal possession of any specimen of a species included in Schedules 1, 2, 3, 4
and 5, lies with the possessor of that specimen. | Burden of proof. |
4. This Act applies to all
animal and plant species included in Schedules 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. | Application. |
5.(1) The Schedules to this Act
contain the following - | Contents of Schedules. |
(a) Schedule 1 includes all species
included in Appendix I of CITES; |
(b) Schedule 2 includes all species
included in Appendix II of CITES; |
(c) Schedule 3 includes all species
included in Appendix III of CITES; |
(d) Schedule 4 includes species
indigenous to The Bahamas that are not included in Schedule I and are believed
to be endangered; and |
(e) Schedule 5 includes species
indigenous to The Bahamas that are not included in Schedules 1 to 4 and that
are subject to the provisions of this Act. |
(2) Schedules 1, 2 and 3 are
automatically amended within 90 days when amendments to Appendices I, II or III
of CITES enter into force. |
(3) The Minister may by Notice
publish the amendments made to the Schedules in the Gazette. |
(4) Where, at the commencement of
a Notice amending Schedules 1, 2 or 3, for any person who has in his possession
or under his control any specimen of a Scheduled species in respect of which,
prior to the commencement, there was under sections 10,11, 12 and 13 no
requirement for a permit or certificate, the relevant sections shall come into
operation in respect of such Scheduled species six months after the
commencement of the Notice. |
(5) The Minister may, after
consultation with the Management Authority by Notice amend Schedules 4 and 5. |
6.(1) The Management Authority shall
- | Management Authority. |
(a) function as the Management
Authority of CITES referred to in Article IX paragraph 1(a) of CITES and be
responsible for implementing CITES in The Bahamas; and |
(b) be responsible for any other
function the Minister may designate. |
(2) The specific duties of the
Management Authority shall include, but are not limited to the following - |
(a) to co-ordinate with other
relevant authorities to implement and to enforce legislation of The Bahamas
relating to species conservation; |
(b) to communicate with the CITES
Secretariat and other management authorities; |
(c) to grant permits and certificates
in accordance with CITES and to attach to any permit or certificate any
condition that it may deem necessary; |
(d) to maintain records of
international trade in specimens and prepare annual and biennial reports
concerning such trade, and submit these reports to the CITES Secretariat by 31st
October of the year following the year or years to which the report
relates; |
(e) to advise the Minister on action
to be taken for the implementation and enforcement of CITES; |
(f) to establish one or more rescue
centres for seized and confiscated living specimens, in consultation with the
Scientific Authority. |
7. The Scientific Authority
shall - | Scientific Authority. |
(a) advise the Management Authority
on whether or not a proposed export of a specimen of species included in Schedules
1 or 2 will be detrimental to the survival of the species involved; |
(b) in the case of a proposed import
of a specimen of a species included in Schedule 1, advise the Management
Authority on whether or not the purposes of the import are detrimental to the
survival of the species involved; |
(c) in the case of a proposed import
of a live specimen of a species included in Schedule 1, advise the Management
Authority whether or not it is satisfied that the proposed recipient of the
specimen is suitably equipped to house and care for it; |
(d) monitor the export permits granted
for specimens of species included in Schedule 2, as well as the actual exports
of such specimens, and advise the Management Authority of suitable measures to
be taken to limit the issue of export permits when the population status of a
species so requires; |
(e) advise the Management Authority
on the disposal of confiscated or forfeited specimens; |
(f) advise the Management Authority
on any matter the Scientific Authority considers relevant in the sphere of
species protection; |
(g) perform any tasks foreseen in the
Resolutions of the Conference of the Parties to CITES. |
8. It shall be the duty of all
public authorities to co-operate fully with the Management Authority in
enforcing this Act. | Cooperation by Public Authorities. |
9.(1) The Minister shall appoint a
National Advisory Committee which shall consist of individuals and
representatives of agencies from the public and private sector possessing
knowledge of or involvement in the management or enforcement of wildlife
protection. |
(2) The National Advisory
Committee shall advise the Minister and the Management and Scientific
Authorities on any and all matters relating to this Act. |
10. The export of any specimen of
species included in Schedules 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 requires the prior grant and
presentation of an export permit. | Appointment of National Advisory
Committee. |
11. The import of any specimen of
species included in Schedules 1, 2 and 3 requires the prior grant and
presentation of an import permit. | Export Permit. |
12. The re-export of any specimen
of species included in Schedules 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 requires the prior grant and
presentation of a re-export certificate. | Import Permit. Re-export Certificate. |
13. The introduction from the sea
of a specimen of a species included in Schedules 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 requires the
prior grant and presentation of a certificate of introduction from the sea. | Introduction certificate. |
14.(1) The transit or transhipment of
specimens of species included in Schedules 1 or 2 requires the presentation of
a valid export permit or re-export certificate and the Management Authority
may, in collaboration with an officer, inspect a specimen of a species in
transit or transhipment in order to verify the existence of an export or
re-export permit issued by the competent authority of the country of export or
re-export in accordance with CITES. | Requirements for transit. |
(2) Where the Management Authority
determines that the requirements of subsection (1) have not been met, the
Management Authority, in collaboration with an officer, may seize or confiscate
specimens of species. |
15. The export, import, re-export,
transit or transhipment of non-living specimens of species included in
Schedules 2, 3 or 5, that are personal or household effects does not require
the prior grant and presentation of any CITES document. | Exemption for personal effects. |
16.(1) The Management Authority may
grant permits or certificates for the import, export, re-export or introduction
from the sea for specimens of species included in Schedules 1, 2 and 3 if the
following conditions are met - | Conditions for permits etc. |
(a) an export permit or certificate
of introduction from the sea for a specimen of a species included in Schedules
1 or 2 shall not be granted unless the Scientific Authority has advised that
the export or introduction from the sea will not be detrimental to the survival
of the species concerned, unless the export or introduction from the sea is
within the limit of an annual export quota approved by the Management
Authority; |
(b) an import permit for a specimen of
a species included in Schedule 1 shall not be granted unless the Scientific
Authority has advised that the import will be for purposes that are not detrimental
to the survival of the species; |
(c) the Management Authority must be
satisfied that the specimen concerned has not been obtained in contravention of
any law including foreign law; |
(d) the Management Authority must be
satisfied that any specimen to be re-exported was imported in accordance with
this Act and of CITES; |
(e) the Management Authority must be
satisfied that the shipment of any living specimen to be exported or
re-exported shall conform to the most recent edition of the Live Animals
Regulations of the International Air Transport Association and that the living
specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimize the risk of injury,
damage to health or cruel treatment; |
(f) for export of specimens of
species included in Schedule 1, an import permit must be issued by the
competent authority of the country of destination before an export permit may
be granted; |
(g) an import permit or a certificate
of introduction from the sea may only be granted for a specimen of a species
included in Schedule 1 if the Management Authority is satisfied that the
specimen is not to be used primarily for commercial purposes; and |
(h) a permit to authorize import of a
specimen of a species included in Schedules 1, 2 or 3 may be granted only if the
Management Authority has satisfactory evidence that an export permit, a
re-export certificate, or a certificate of origin has been issued by the
Management Authority of the exporting country in accordance with CITES. |
(2) The conditions that must be
met for issuance of import permits, export permits, re-export certificates, and
certificates of introduction from the sea, for specimens of species included in
Schedules 4 and 5, are determined by the Management Authority. |
17. The Management Authority may
require applicants for permits or certificates to provide any additional
information that it may need to decide whether to issue a permit or
certificate. | Additional information. |
18. The Management Authority shall
issue a separate permit or certificate for each consignment of specimens. | Permit for each consignment. |
19. All permits and certificates
must be in a form prescribed by the Minister, after consultation with the
Management Authority, however, the permits and certificates for specimens of
species listed in Schedules 1, 2 and 3 must conform with the provisions of
CITES and the Resolutions of the Conference of the Parties to CITES. | Form of permits etc. |
20. The Management Authority may
at any time revoke or modify any permit or certificate it has issued if it
deems it necessary to do so, and shall do so when the permit or certificate has
been issued as the result of false or misleading statements by the applicant. | Revocation. |
21. The Management Authority shall
cancel and retain used export permits and re-export certificates issued by
authorities of foreign States and any corresponding import permits. | Cancellation of permits and
certificates. |
22. The Management Authority may
designate one or more ports of exit, to which all exports and re-exports of
specimen of species included in the Schedules shall be restricted, and one or
more ports of entry to which all imports, shipments in transit or transhipment
and introductions from the sea shall be restricted. | Designation of ports. |
23. Permits and certificates are
not transferrable. | No Transfer of permits etc. |
24. Permits and certificates shall
remain valid as follows - | Duration of permits etc. |
(a) export permits and re-export
certificates are valid for a period not exceeding six months from their date of
issue; |
(b) import permits for specimens of
species included in Schedule 1 are valid for a period not exceeding twelve
months from their date of issue; |
(c) import permits for specimens of
species included in Schedules 2 and 3 are valid for a period not exceeding six
months from the date of issue of the corresponding export permit or re-export
certificate issued by the country of export or re-export; and |
(d) import permits, export permits,
re-export certificates and certificates of introduction from the sea for
specimens of species included in Schedules 4 and 5 are valid for a period not
exceeding 6 months from their date of issue. |
25. Specimens of plait species
included in Schedule 1 that have been artificially propagated for commercial
purposes shall be deemed to be specimens of species included in Schedule 2, and
subject to the Resolutions of the Conference of the Parties to CITES. | Artificially propagated plants. |
26. Specimens of animal species
included in Schedule 1 that have been bred in captivity for commercial purposes
shall be deemed to be specimens of species included in Schedule 2 and shall be
subject to the Resolutions of the Conference of the Parties to CITES. | Animals bred in captivity. |
27. Specimens of animal species included
in Schedules 1 or 2 that have been bred in captivity may not be traded unless
they originate from a breeding operation registered by the Management
Authority, and have been individually and permanently marked in a manner so as
to render alteration or modification by unauthorized persons as difficult as
possible. | Markings. |
28. Only valid original export
permits, re-export certificates and certificates of origin from exporting
countries shall be accepted to authorize the import of specimens included in
Schedules 1, 2, and 3. | Export permits etc. |
29. The Minister, after
consultation with the Management Authority may by regulations, prescribe a fee
for any administrative test, for the processing of applications for permits and
certificates, inspections, registration and for the issuing of permits and
certificates. | Fees. |
30. The Minister shall establish a
special fund to be used for the conservation of wildlife and the implementation
and enforcement of CITES and of this Act, including the establishment and
management of rescue centres referred to in section 6(2)(f); and any fee
charged under section 29, as well as any proceeds of fines paid for violation
of the Act, proceeds from the sale of confiscated specimens and items and
voluntary contributions by individuals or organizations, shall be paid to the
fund. | Fund. |
31.(1) The Management Authority may
waive the requirements of this Act in the case of scientific and educational
institutions, zoos and circuses and pre-convention specimens. | Waiver. |
(2) Where the Management Authority
waives the requirements of this Act in the case of scientific and educational
institutions, the item, the subject of the waiver, must relate to
non-commercial loans, donations and exchanges between scientists, herbarium
specimens of species, other preserved, dried or embedded museum specimens or
species, and live plant material and carry a label issued or approved by the
Management Authority. |
(3) Where the Management Authority
waives the requirements of this Act in the case of zoos and circuses, the item,
the subject of the waiver, shall be specimens of species which form part of a
traveling zoo, circus, menagerie, plant exhibition or other traveling
exhibition, in accordance with the relevant Resolutions of the Conference of
the Parties. |
(4) Where the Management Authority
waives the requirements of this Act in the case of pre-convention specimens,
the Management Authority must be satisfied that the specimen of a species was
acquired in, or was introduced into The Bahamas before the provisions relating
to the specimen of a species included in Appendix I, II, or III of the
Convention or in Schedules 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 of this Act become applicable to
that specimen of the species. |
(5) The Management Authority shall
determine the pre-requisites and conditions applicable to a waiver and those
pre-requisites and conditions may include but are not limited to the following
- |
(a) the exporter or importer
registers full details of such specimens with the Management Authority; |
(b) evidence that the specimens of
species were, or are a part of, or derived from any specimen of any animal
species which was bred in captivity or a plant species which was artificially
propagated; |
(c) evidence which satisfies the
Management Authority that any living specimen of a species will be so
transported and cared for so as to minimize damage, risk of injury, damage to
health or cruel treatment. |
32.(1) All persons wishing to possess
or trade in specimens of any species included in the Schedules must be
registered with the Management Authority. | Registration and record keeping. |
(2) All persons wishing to produce
captive bred animals and artificially propagated plants of any species included
in the Schedules must be registered with the Management Authority. |
(3) All persons registered with
the Management Authority for trade, captive breeding of animals or artificial
propagation of plants must keep records of their stocks and of any transactions
and the Management Authority may inspect the premises and records of persons
registered with the Management Authority at any time. |
33. The Minister may determine by
regulations - | Format for registration. |
(a) the format of the application for
registration; |
(b) the conditions that shall be met
in order to be registered; and |
(c) the format and contents of the
registers that contain the registration records. |
34.(1) If an officer is satisfied that
there is reasonable evidence of an offence, that officer may detain the person
suspected and seize any items related to the suspected offence. | Power to seize, etc. |
|
(a) seize anything which he
reasonably suspects is the object of or evidence of an offence; |
(b) enter and search all premises of
and all vehicles, boats, aircraft and other means of conveyances used by all
persons suspected of committing offences against this Act; for the
purposes of preventing or detecting the violation of this Act, and may remain
on such premises or in such vehicle, boat or aircraft for so long as is
necessary for the carrying out of his duty and detain any specimen the officer
reasonably suspects to be in violation of this Act; |
(c) examine what he reasonably
suspects to be a specimen transported, acquired or traded in violation of this
Act; and |
(d) examine any records held which
appear to relate to specimens referred to in paragraph (a) and (b). |
(3) Expenses incurred as a result of
seizure, including custody costs, the costs of transporting and disposing of
specimens or of maintaining live animals and plants during the time of seizure
shall be recoverable from the offender. |
(4) Any seized items under this
Act must be given to the Management Authority within twenty-four hours after
receipt thereof. |
| General offences. |
(a) possess, import, export,
re-export, or have under his control, offer, expose for sale, display to the
public or introduce from the sea, any specimen of a species included in the
Schedules without a valid permit or certificate, or a permit or certificate
that has been modified by anyone other than the Management Authority; |
(b) make a false or misleading oral or
written statement in, or in connection with, an application for a permit or
certificate or registration or falsely claim, represent or hold out, by an
advertisement or otherwise that - |
(i) any article or object is a
scheduled species; |
(ii) any medicine which contains a
part or derivative of a scheduled species; |
(c) alter, deface or erase a mark
used by the Management Authority to individually and permanently identify
specimens. |
(2) A person who commits an
offence under subsection (1) shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine
not exceeding one hundred thousand dollars or imprisonment for one year or to
both a fine and imprisonment. |
36.(1) No person shall obstruct or
otherwise hinder an officer in the performance of his duties. | Obstruction of officer. |
(2) A person who commits an
offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not
exceeding one hundred thousand dollars and imprisonment for one year or to both
a fine and imprisonment. |
37. Where an offence under this
Act which has been committed by a body corporate is proved to have been
committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any
neglect on the part of, a director, manager, secretary or other similar officer
of the body corporate, or any person who was purporting to act in any such
capacity, he, as well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of that offence
and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. | Offences by body corporate. |
38.(1) In all cases, the specimens that
are the subject of an offence shall be confiscated. | Confiscation. |
(2) When a person is convicted of
an offence against this Act, any cage, container, boat, airplane, vehicle, or
other article and equipment in respect of or by means of which the offence was
committed may be forfeited to the Crown and forfeiture may be in addition to
any other penalty to which such contravention applies. |
(3) If a person prosecuted for an
offence under this Act is acquitted, the court may nonetheless order the
specimens concerned to be confiscated. |
(4) The specimens confiscated
under subsection (1) remain the property of the Management Authority, which in
consultation with the Scientific Authority, will decide upon their final
disposal. |
39. The Minister, after
consultation with the Management Authority, may make regulations for carrying
out the objects of this Act and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing,
the regulations may provide for - | Regulations. |
(a) fees for applications, permits,
certificates, registration and inspection; |
(b) the forms of applications,
permits, certificates and registers; and |
(c) the establishment and management
of export quotas. |
40.(1) An officer may require any
person who has in his possession under his control - | Production of permit etc. |
(a) any scheduled species; or |
(b) any receptacle which is claimed,
represented or held out by any person, by advertisement or otherwise, to
contain any scheduled species, |
and for which scheduled species a permit under
sections 10, 11, 12, or 13 is required, to produce that permit or certificate. |
41.(1) Where the Minister suspects that
any animal, animal part or plant that is being or has been imported, or that is
deemed to be in transit, is a scheduled species, he may require any person who
has the animal, animal part or plant in his possession or under his control to
declare its common name and, if known to that person, its scientific name. | Power to require information. |
(2) Where the Minister suspects
that any medicine that is being or has been imported, or that is deemed to be
in transit, contains parts or derivatives of a scheduled species, he may
require any person who has the medicine in his possession or under his control
to declare the common name and, if known to that person, the scientific name of
the scheduled species whose part or derivative, whether readily recognizable or
not, is contained, or is claimed, represented or held out by any person, by
advertisement or otherwise, to be contained in that medicine. |
(3) Any person who without
reasonable excuse fails to comply with a requirement under subsection (1) or
(2) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine of eighty
thousand dollars. |
42. For the purposes of this Act - | Articles deemed to be scheduled
species. |
(a) any article or object (including
any article or object contained in any a receptacle) which is claimed,
represented or held out by any person, by advertisement or otherwise, to be a
scheduled species; or |
(b) any medicine (including any
medicine contained in any receptacle) which is claimed, represented or held out
by any person, by advertisement or otherwise, to be a part or derivative of a
scheduled species, |
shall be deemed to be such a scheduled species or
a controlled medicine, as the case may be. |
FIRST SCHEDULE |
(Sections 3, 4, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14,
16, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 37) |
Endangered Species threatened with
extinction and which may be affected by trade therein |
|
Fauna
|
|
Animals
|
|
CHORDATA
|
|
|
|
MAMMALIA
|
|
Mammals
|
|
DASYUROMORPHIA
|
|
Dunnarts
(Marsupialmice),
Tasmania
wolf
|
|
Dasyuridae
|
Sminthopsis longicaudata
Sminthopsis
psammophila
|
|
|
Thylacinidae
|
Thylacinus
cynocephalus p.e.
|
|
|
PERAMELEMORPHIA
|
Bandicoots
|
|
|
Peramelidae
|
Chaeropus ecaudatus p.e.
Macrolis lagotis
Macrotis leucura
Perameles bougainville
|
|
|
DIPROTODONTIA
Kangaroos,
|
|
Wombats, Wallabies, Cuscuses,
Rat-kangaroos,
etc.
|
|
Vombatidae
|
Lasiorhinus
krefii
|
|
|
Macropodidae
|
Lagorchestes hirsutus
Lagostrophus fascialus
Onychogalea ftaenata
Onychogalea
tunata
|
|
|
Potoroidae
|
Bettongia spp.
Caloprymnus
campestris p.e.
|
|
|
CHIROPTERA
|
|
Bats
|
|
Pteropodidae
|
Acerodonjubatus
Acerodon lucifer p. e.
Pleropus insularis
Pteropus mariannus
Pteropus molossinus
Pteropus phaeocephalus
Pteropus pilosus
Pteropus samoensis
Pteropus
tonganus
|
|
|
PRIMATES
|
|
Primates :
Monkeys, Apes
|
|
Lemuridae
|
Lemuridae
spp.
|
|
|
Megaladapidae
|
Megaladapidae
spp =303
|
|
|
Cheirogaleidae
|
Cheirogaleidae
spp.
|
|
|
Indridae
|
Indridae
spp.
|
|
|
Daubentoniidae
|
Daubentonia
madagascariensis
|
|
|
Callithricidae
|
Callimico goeldii
Callithrix aurita--304
Callithrix flaviceps =
304
Leontopithecus spp. =305
Saguinus bicolor
Saguinus geoffroyi=306
Saguinus leucopus
Saguinus
oedipus
|
|
|
Cebidae
|
Alouatta
coibensis=307
|
|
|
Alouatta
palliata
|
Alouatta pigra--308
Ateles geoffroyi ftontatus
Ateles geoffroyi panamensis
Brachyteles arachnoides
Cacajao spp.
Chiropotes albinasus
Lagothrix flavicauda
Saimiri
oerstedii
|
|
|
Cercopithecidae
|
Cercocebus galeritus
galeritus
Cercopithecus diana--309
Macaca silenus
Mandrillus leucophaeus--310
Mandrillus sphinx--3-10
Nasalis concolor--311
Nasalis larvatus
Presbytis potenziani
Procolobus pennantii
kirkii--3 12
Procolobus rufomitratus=313
Pgathrix spp.= 314
Semnopithecus
entellus--315
Trachypithecus geei--316
Trachypithecuspileatus=317
|
|
|
|
Hylobatidae
|
Hylobatidae
spp.
|
|
Hominidae
|
Gorilla gorilla
Pan spp.
Pongo
pygmaeus
|
|
|
XENARTHRA
|
|
Anteaters,
Sloths, Armadillos
|
|
Dasypodidae
|
Priodontes
maximus=319
|
|
|
LAGOMORPHA
|
|
Rabbits,
Hares
|
|
Leporidae
|
Caprolagus hispidus
Romerolagus
diazi
|
|
|
RODENTIA
|
|
Rodents
|
|
Sciuridae
|
Cynomys
mexicanus
|
|
|
Muridae
|
Leporillus conditor
Pseudomys praeconis
Xeromys myoides
Zyzomys
pedunculatus
|
|
|
Chinchillidae
|
Chinchilla spp.'602
|
|
|
CETACEA
|
|
Whales,
Porpoises, Dolphins
|
|
Platanistidae
|
Lipotes vexillifer
Platanista
spp.
|
|
|
Ziphiidae
|
Berardius spp.
Hyperoodon
spp.
|
|
|
Physeteridae
|
Physeter
catodon =320
|
|
|
Delphinidae
|
Sotalia
spp.
|
|
|
Phococnidae
|
Neophocaena phocaenoides
Phocoena
sinus
|
|
|
Eschrichtiidae
|
Eschrichtius
rohustus=321
|
|
|
Balaenopteridae
|
Balaenoptera acutorostrata
*-101
Balaenoptera borealis
Balaenoptera edeni
Balaenoptera musculus
Balaenoptera physalus
Megaptera
novaeangliae
|
|
|
Balaenidae
|
Balaena mysticetus
Eubalaena
spp.=322
|
|
|
Neobalaenidae
|
Caperea
marginate
|
|
|
CARNIVORA
|
|
Carnivores :
Cats, Bears, etc.
|
|
Canidae
|
Canis lupus**+201
Speothos
venaticus
|
|
|
Ursidae
|
Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Ailurusfulgens
Helarctos malayanus
Melursus ursinus
Tremarctos ornatus
Ursus arctos * *+202
Ursus arctos isabellinus
Ursus
thibetanus=326
|
|
|
Lutrinae
|
Aonyx congicus * *+203 =327
Enhydra lutris nereis
Lontrafelina--328
Lontra longicaudis=329
Lontraprovocax--328
Luira lutra
Pteronura
brasiliensis
|
|
|
Mustelinae
|
Mustela
nigripes
|
|
|
Viverridae
|
Prionodon
pardicolor
|
|
|
Felidae
|
Acinonyxjubaus '603
Caracal caracal * *+204=332
Catopuma
temminckii--333
|
|
|
Felidae,
contd.
|
Felos nigripes
Herpailurus yaguarondi *
*+205=333
Leopardus pardalis=3 3 3
Leopardus tigrinus=333
Leopardus wiedii--333
Lynxpardinus=334
Neofelis nebulosa
Oncifelis geojfroyi--333
Oreailurusjacobita--333
Panthera leo persica
Panthera onca
Panthera pardus Panthera
tigris
Pardofelis marmorata--333
Prionailurus bengalensis
bengalensis * *+206=333
Prionailurus
planiceps=333
Prionailurus rubiginosus
**+207=333
Puma concolor coryi=333
Puma concolor
costaricensis=333
Puma concolor couguar--333
Uncia
uncia--335
|
|
|
PINNIPEDIA
|
|
Seals,
Sea Lions
|
|
Otariidae
|
Arctocephalus
townsendi
|
|
|
Phocidae
|
Monachus
spp.
|
|
|
PROBOSCIDEA
|
|
Elephants
|
|
Elephantidae
|
Elephas maximus
Loxodonta
africana **-103
|
|
|
SIRENIA
|
|
Dugongs,
manatees
|
|
Dugongidae
|
Dugong
dugon **-104
|
|
|
Trichechidae
|
Trichechus
inunguis
|
|
|
Trichechus
manatus
|
|
|
|
PERISSODACTYLA
|
|
|
|
Equidae
|
Equus africanus=336
Equus grevyi
Equus hemionus hemionus
Equus onager khur--337
Equus przewalskii--338
Equus
zebra zebra
|
|
|
Tapiridae
|
Tapiridae
spp. **
|
|
|
Rhinocerotidae
|
Rhinocerotidae
spp.
|
|
|
ARTIODACTYLA
|
|
Even-toed
ungulates
|
|
Suidae
|
Babyrousa babyrussa
Sus
salvanius
|
|
|
Tayassuidae
|
Catagonus
wagneri
|
|
|
Cameliadae
|
Vicugna
vicugna* * - 106
|
|
|
Moschidae
|
Moschus
spp. **+212
|
|
|
Cervidae
|
Axis calamianensis=340
Axis kuhlii--341
Axis porcinus
annamiticus=342
Blastocerus dichotomus
Cervus duvaucelii
Cervus elaphus hanglu
Cerviis eldii
Dania mesopotamica--343
Hippocamelus spp.
Megamuntiacus vuquanghensis
Muntiacus crinifrons
Ozoloceros bezoarticus
Pudu
puda
|
|
|
Antilocapridae
|
Atilocapra
americana+213
|
|
|
Bovidae
|
Addax nasomaculatus
Bos ilaurus=344
Bos
mutus 345, '602
|
|
|
Bovidae,
contd.
|
Bos sauveli--346
Buhalus depressicornis=347
Buhalus mindorensis=347
Buhalus quarlesi--347
Capra falconeri
Cephalophus jentinki
Gazella dama
Hippotragus niger variani
Naemorhedus haileyi--349
Naemorhedus caudatus=349
Naemorhedus goral
Naemorhedus sumatraensis=350
Oryx dammah=351
Oryx leucoryx
Ovis ammon hodgsonii
Ovis ammon nigrimontana
Ovis orientalis ophion=352
Ovis vignei vignei--353
Pantholops hodgsonii
Pseudoryx nghetinhensis
Rupicaprapyrenaica
ornata--354
|
|
|
AVES
|
|
Birds
|
|
STRUTHIONIFORMES
|
|
Ostriches
|
|
Struthionidae
|
Struthio
camelus+214
|
|
|
RHEIFORMES
|
|
Rheas
|
|
Rheidae
|
Rhea
pennata--3 5 5
|
|
|
TINAMIFORMES
|
|
Tinamous
|
|
Tinamidae
|
Tinamus
solitarius
|
|
|
SPHENISCIFORMES
|
|
Penguins
|
|
Spheniscidae
|
Sphensiscus
humboldti
|
|
|
PODICIPEDIFORMES
|
|
Grebe
|
|
Podicipedidae
|
Podilymhus
gigas
|
|
|
PROCELLARIIFORMES
|
|
Albatrosses, Shearwaters,
Petrels
|
|
Diomedeidae
|
Diomedea
albatrus
|
|
|
PELECANIFORMES
|
|
Tropiebirds, Pelicans,
Frigatebirds
|
|
Pelecanidae
|
Pelecanus
crispus
|
|
|
Sulidae
|
Papasula
abbotti--356
|
|
|
Fregatidae
|
Fregata
andrewsi
|
|
|
CICONIIFORMES
|
|
Herons, Storks, Ibises,
Flamingos
|
|
Ciconiidae
|
Ciconia boyciana--357
Jabiru mycteria
Mycteria cinerea
Geronticus
eremita
|
|
|
Threskiomithidae
|
Nipponia
nippon
|
|
|
ANSERIFORMES
|
|
Ducks, Geese, Swans,
Screamers
|
|
Anatidae
|
Anas aucklandica--358
Anas laysanensis=359
Anas oustaleti--360
Branta canadensis
leucopareia
Branta sandvicensis
Cairina scutulata
Rhodonessa
caryophyllacea p.e
|
|
|
FALCONIFORMES
|
|
Hawks, Falcons,
Vultures,
Eagles
|
|
Cathartidae
|
Gymnogyps californianus
Vultur
gryphus
|
|
|
Accipitridae
|
Aquila adalberti--361
Aquila heliaca
Chondrohierox uncinatus
wilsonii=362
Haliaeetus albicilla
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Harpia harpyja
Pithecophaga
jefferyi
|
|
|
Falconidae
|
Falco araea
Falco j'ugger
Falco newtoni**+215
Falco pelegrinoides--363
Falco peregri . nus
Falco punctatus
Falco
rusticolus
|
|
|
GALLIFORMES
|
|
Pheasants, Curassours,
Megapods,
Hoatzin
|
|